People shop at a supermarket in Hanoi.

The forecast is highlighted in the Vietnam section of the bank’s recently published global research report titled Global Focus – Economic Outlook Q3-2022: Near the tipping point.

“Vietnam’s economic recovery has shown signs of broadening; macroeconomic indicators continued to recover in June. The recovery may accelerate markedly in second quarter of the year, particularly as tourism reopens after a two-year closure. That said, rising global oil prices may have negative consequences for the economy,” said Tim Leelahaphan, Economist for Thailand and Vietnam, Standard Chartered Bank.

According to Standard Chartered Bank’s economists, 2022 and 2023 inflation is forecast at 4.2% and 5.5% respectively. Inflation remains under control for now. The fuel component of inflation has increased, while other components have been relatively low. Price pressures – particularly for food and fuel – may increase later in 2022 and in 2023. This could pose a risk to the nascent recovery in domestic consumption. Elevated inflation could also result in search-for-yield behaviour or increase financial instability risks.

Standard Chartered Bank expects the State Bank of Vietnam (SBV) to keep the policy rate on hold at 4% in 2022 and policy normalisation to take place in the fourth quarter of 2023, with a 50 basis point (bps) hike to 4.5%.

“The SBV is likely to stay vigilant against inflation and financial instability, particularly amid ongoing geopolitical risks, although we expect it to stay accommodative this year to support businesses. It has not signalled a change in its stance yet, and Vietnam’s economic recovery has just started. However, we see a risk that the SBV may raise rates earlier than we expect, given rising inflation and a weaker-than-expected Vietnamese dong – especially if the Fed maintains a relatively hawkish stance,” Tim said.

The UK-backed bank raises its USD-VND forecasts to account for pressure on the goods trade balance from elevated commodity prices, with USD-VND projected at 23,000 at end-Q3-2022 and 22,800 at end-Q4-2022. The bank expects sharp Vietnamese dong appreciation next year, along with a likely rebound in Vietnam’s current account surplus.

The macro-economic study also points out three factors could adversely affect Vietnam’s economic outlook, including new COVID-19 variants, the lifting of US tariffs on imports from China, and a global recession. Pandemic concerns persist, despite Vietnam’s shift to a ‘living with COVID-19’ policy. On the trade front, the White House has said it is reviewing tariffs on some US imports from China to ease inflation. This could slow the pace of investment relocation from China to Vietnam, reducing FDI inflows to Vietnam or even resulting in outflows. Meanwhile, a global recession could hit exporters hard and exports of goods and services are equivalent to more than 100% of Vietnam’s GDP./.